Search results for "Mental nerve"
showing 7 items of 7 documents
Inferior alveolar nerve trajectory, mental foramen location and incidence of mental nerve anterior loop
2017
Background: Injury of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) is a serious intraoperative complication that may occur during routine surgical procedures, such as dental implant placement or extraction of impacted teeth. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze the trajectory of the mandibular canal (MC), the location of the mental foramen (MF) and the presence and extension of an anterior loop of the mental nerve (AL). Study Design: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 348 CBCTs were analyzed. Distances from MC to the surface of the basal, medial and lateral cortical of the mandible were measured at the level of the second molar, first molar and second premolar. Location of the MF rela…
Surgically-oriented anatomical study of mandibular premolars: A CBCT study
2019
Background The knowledge of root canal anatomy and of the anatomical relationship should be considered mandatory when planning surgical endodontics. The aim of the study was to investigate the anatomical features of mandibular premolars, evaluating their relationship with mental nerve. Material and methods CBCT scans were evaluated recording the number of roots, root canal configuration and the relationship with mental nerve of 100 mandibular premolars. After simulating a resection of 3 mm of the root, the shape and the number of canals, and the distance to the buccal and lingual bone plate and to the mental foramen was evaluated. Results The one root - one canal configuration was the most …
Anatomical characteristics and visibility of mental foramen and accessory mental foramen: Panoramic radiography vs. cone beam CT.
2015
Background: The mental foramen (MF) is a small foramen located in the anterolateral region of the mandible through which the mental nerve and vessels emerge. The knowledge on the anatomic characteristics and variations of MF is very important in surgical procedures involving that area. The aim of this study was two-fold: firstly, to analyze the anatomic characteristics of MF and the presence of accessory mental foramen (AMF) using CBCT and, secondly, to compare the capability of CBCT and PAN in terms of MF and AMF visualization, as well as influencing factors. Material and Methods: A sample of 344 CBCT scans was analyzed for presence and characteristics (i.e. diameter, area, shape, exit ang…
A retrospective radiographic evaluation of the anterior loop of the mental nerve: Comparison between panoramic radiography and cone beam computerized…
2014
Objectives: To compare the prevalence and the length of mental loop, measured with panoramic radiography (PR) and cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT). Material and Methods: PG and CBCT images where analyzed by a single calibrated examiner to determine the presence and the position of the mental foramen (MF), its distance to the lower mandible border, the anterior length of the mental loop (ML) and the bone quality in 82 PR and 82 CBCT. Results: ML was identified in 36.6 % of PR and 48.8 % of CBCT. PR showed a magnification of 1.87 when compared to CBCT. The mean of anterior extension of the inferior alveolar nerve and the distance to the inferior border of the mandible was higher for P…
Pain-evoked blink reflex
1997
The electrically evoked blink reflex (BR) consists of an ipsilateral R1 component (R1) at 11 ms and two bilateral components R2 at 33 ms and R3 at 83 ms. It is still unclear whether the R2 is mediated by activation of tactile or nociceptive afferents. For testing the nociceptive hypothesis, nociceptors of the supraorbital nerve were selectively activated by infrared laser stimuli in 10 subjects. Only painful laser stimuli evoked a bilateral early polyphasic BR response (LR2) at 71 ms. Stimulation of infraorbital and mental nerve dermatomes was equally effective. A late bilateral reflex response at 130 ms was occasionally observed. Regarding the nociceptor activation time of about 40 ms, ons…
Nociceptive masseter inhibitory reflexes evoked by laser radiant heat and electrical stimuli
1997
Electrical stimulation of the mental nerve evokes two suppression periods SP1 and SP2 in masseter muscle activity bilaterally. In order to investigate a possible nociceptive origin of the suppression periods, we compared the reflex responses evoked by electrical stimulation and by selective activation of nociceptors in hairy skin using painful infrared laser stimuli. The SP was elicited during more than 90% maximal voluntary contraction. Thresholds for detection, pain, and SP in the mental nerve area were determined by the method of limits. A suppression period was evoked by laser stimuli in nine of ten subjects bilaterally. The mean onset latency was 46.9 ms, the mean duration 58.9 ms. The…
Identification of the mandibular landmarks in a pediatric population
2013
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine and compare the reliability to accomplish of common mandibular landmarks and to determine the incidence of incisive canals, anterior looping, and lingual foramina in children from panoramic and CBCT images. Study Design: Panoramic and CBCT images from 100 children and adolescent patients were randomly selected. In order to grade the visibility of mandibular anatomical landmarks, a four-point rating scale was used. Results: In panoramic images, the mandibular canal could be observed in 92.5% of cases, with good visibility in 12.0%. The mental foramen could be observed in 44.5% of cases, while none had good visibility. Anterior looping of the…